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Morphine is marketed under generic and brand name products, including: MS-Contin ® , oramorph SR ® , MSiR ® , Roxanol ® , Kadian ® , and RMS ® .
Traditionally, morphine was almost exclusively used by injection, but the variety of pharmaceutical forms that it is marketed as today support its use by oral and other routes of administration. Forms include: oral solutions, immediate-and sustained-release tablets and capsules, suppositories, and injectable preparations. Those dependent on morphine prefer injection because the drug enters the blood stream more quickly.
Morphine’s effects include euphoria and relief of pain. Chronic use of morphine results in tolerance and physical and psychological dependence.
Morphine use results in relief from physical pain, decrease in hunger, and inhibition of the cough reflex.
Drugs causing similar effects as morphine include: opium, codeine, heroin, methadone, hydrocodone, fentanyl, and oxycodone.
Overdose effects include: cold, clammy skin, lowered blood pressure, sleepiness, slowed breathing, slow pulse rate, coma, and possible death.